Rising Rhetorical Battle Between Ethiopia and Eritrean Government Raises Anxieties of Armed Clash

Growing worries exist over the possibility of military engagement involving East African neighbors, Ethiopia and Eritrea, as aggressive language has intensified in the past few weeks.

Horn of Africa region
The Ethiopian government and The Eritrean government worked together in the civil war in Tigray but they have subsequently disagreed.

What Did Ethiopia Declared?

Ethiopia's, being landlocked, demands for entry to the maritime outlet through Eritrea has triggered a intense rhetorical conflict.

The Ethiopian leader initially stated publicly in 2023 that his nation's access to the sea was an vital issue, remarks that Eritrea ignored.

Diplomatic connections between the two countries have regularly been difficult. Following a prolonged struggle for freedom, the Eritrean state, which has a long sea border, formally separated from Ethiopian rule in the early 1990s, rendering it landlocked.

Subsequently, a military clash erupted in which more than 100,000 people were killed.

Latest Statements from Ethiopia's Officials

Abiy and military leader the army commander have publicly asserted control of Eritrean southern port of Assab – approximately 60 kilometers from the frontier - and implied the wish to seize it militarily.

In early September, Abiy said the country's "mistake" of losing access to the sea as a because of Eritrea's separation would be "addressed soon".

The Ethiopian envoy to Kenya, retired Gen Bacha Debele, said that Assab was "Ethiopian property" and would be given back "using武力".

Eritrean Answer to the Claims

In the face of continuous threats from Ethiopia, Eritrea's response has been restricted to concise remarks on X from Communications Head Yemane G..

Officials have denied Ethiopian requests for maritime entry calling it "dangerous" and a "negative policy" of "expansionism" – a strategy of retaking lost territory.

Eritrean authorities warned on recently that moves to justify "flagrant aggression" would have significant repercussions for Ethiopia and its neighbouring countries and is a "boundary that should not be crossed|violated|breached".

Defense Movements on the Region

There have been no reports of large-scale army activities in the frontier regions between the both nations.

Nevertheless, in Ethiopia, state television has shown completion events of numerous trainees at different defense facilities.

The director of human resources department of the defense force, the officer, commented lately in an interview that the defense forces was in a "strong stance" as "many thousands of recruits" were enlisting, which he said was "a message to our adversaries".

Past Background of the Conflict

For decades from 1890, Eritrea was ruled by Italian colonisers.

After the end of Italian rule, it was then controlled by the British administration before becoming a federated part of the Ethiopian empire.

Yet in 1962 the ruler cancelled this agreement and the region became fully incorporated into Ethiopia.

A thirty-year internal conflict followed, finishing with Ethiopia's defeat in the early 1990s. Autonomy was then endorsed by the population in a vote in 1993.

For a few years in the 1990s, there were positive ties between the governments in Ethiopia's capital and Asmara, but they disagreed over the exact location of their common border, causing hostilities in 1998.

Though this concluded in a truce in 2000, it was partially applied, and the both countries remained at loggerheads.

This changed in 2018, when the Prime Minister made gestures to Eritrean President the president. The two endorsed a statement that the hostilities was over – a action that won Abiy the international recognition.

The two governments were then partners in Ethiopia's previous civil war in Tigray.

Yet relations have later worsened again.

Jeffrey Cohen
Jeffrey Cohen

Helena is a tech enthusiast and software engineer with over a decade of experience in machine learning and web development.